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Mensaje del debate Splicing #14 wire, hot to neutral ratios....
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Existential Angst  
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 Más opciones 6 nov 2009, 12:53
Grupos de noticias: alt.home.repair
De: "Existential Angst" <UNfit...@UNoptonline.net>
Fecha: Fri, 6 Nov 2009 12:53:54 -0500
Local: Vie 6 nov 2009 12:53
Asunto: Re: Splicing #14 wire, hot to neutral ratios....

"dpb" <n...@non.net> wrote in message news:hd1lsk$7fd$1@aioe.org...
> Existential Angst wrote:
>> Awl --

>> A two-part Q:

>> Due to some remodeling, I'm forced to splice/lengthen some old bx cable
>> that has #14 wire in it, and re-connect to the fuse box.
>> Should I splice the #14 with #14, or splice with #12?

>> The reason I would continue with #14 wire is just to remind me and future
>> people that Hey, this old wire is a little lighter than modern #12, and
>> to not take liberties with 20 or 30 amp fuses or breakers.  Other than
>> that, #12 would be fine with me.

> There's nothing "unmodern" about 14 for 15A circuits.

Really?  Does the NEC state that?

I thought #12 was the de-facto "standard" for wiring, but mebbe that was
just NYC in its oppressive heyday, before it relented and went with the NEC.
In that heyday in NYC,   20 A breakers were illegal on #12 wire!  Altho
after inspection, few people adhered to that limit.

What is the max breaker allowable on #14 and #12 wire with modern
insulation, nowadays?
Ditto, with cloth insulation?

> I'd recommend sticking w/ same gauge as the original circuit for the
> reason mentioned.

> Remember to not bury connections in inaccessible places.

Indeed!

>> Next,  is there a rule of thumb for how many hot wires can share one
>> neutral of the same gauge?  If using different gauges, is there a "gauge
>> ratio", ie, some formula for cross sectional area between total hots and
>> total neutrals?

> Don't follow this question.  Each hot needs its own return neutral.
> If you're talking about 3-wire ("Edison") circuits, if properly wired the
> return is in effect a neutral w/ a balancing currents from the two sides
> if both are loaded equally; hence only the same size conductor is required
> for a single-sided load.

> If that isn't it, I have no clue what you're thinking.

I think you answered the Q:  If each hot  in a 3-wire bx  is connected to a
different leg in the panel, then they can share a common equal-sized
neutral.  So the "ratio" would be 2:1.

Which is why the neutral in main service can be "de-rated" rel. to the hots,
because the assumption is that there will in fact be some balancing of the
load between the two legs in "Net usage", reducing the demand on the
neutral.
In a worst case scenario -- full load occurring on only one leg -- then the
neutral proly should be equal in gauge to the hot gauge. But statistically,
esp. in large buildings, this is unlikely.
 iirc, the svc neutral to large buildings can be smaller than the gauge of
either hot leg, but I wouldn't bet the farm on my memory.
--
EA

> --


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